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Load switches are space-saving, integrated power switches. These switches can be used to ‘disconnect’ power-hungry subsystems (when in standby mode) or for point-of-load control to facilitate power sequencing. Load switches were created when smartphones became popular; as phones added more functionality, they required higher density circuit boards and space became scarce. Integrated load switches solve this problem: returning board space to the designer while integrating more functionality.

What are the advantages of an integrated load switch compared to a discrete circuit?

A typical discrete solution consists of a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), an N-channel MOSFET, and a pull-up resistor. While this is a proven solution for switching power rails, it has a large footprint. More compact solutions are now available, such as load switches like the Texas Instruments TPS22915 – they have a footprint of less than 1mm2! Figure 2 shows a comparison of one customer’s implementation with this TI solution, which enabled the TPS22968 to reduce its footprint by more than 80% while integrating more features such as controlled swing rate and fast output discharge.

Why do I need a controlled slew rate?

All TI load switches have a controlled swing rate to reduce inrush current, also known as a ‘soft start function. By slowly increasing the charging rate of its output capacitors, the load switch prevents the supply voltage from “dropping” due to the rapid charging of the load capacitors. For more information on reducing inrush current, please read the application note: “Managing Inrush Current”.

What is Rapid Output Discharge?

The fast output discharge function, available on most load switches, ensures that a disconnected or disabled load is not floated. As shown in Figure 3 above, a low ‘on’ input turns off the channel element and turns on the discharging field effect transistor (FET) via the inverter. This creates a path from VOUT to GND, ensuring that the load can be quickly returned to a known 0V ‘off’ state.